Plasma & RBC Plasma constitutes the majority of whole blood volume, about 46-63% (Martini, Nath, & Bartholomew, 2011). Plasma is the matrix of blood, contributing to blood's unique composition. Plasma has three main components: plasma proteins, water, and other solutes (Patton & Thibodeau, 2009). Plasma proteins are too large in size to get across capillary walls; therefore after the majority of these proteins are synthesized by the liver, they go into the bloodstream and remain there (Martini, Nath, & Bartholomew, 2011). The majority of plasma proteins are albumins. Albumin's role is to contribute to the osmotic pressure of plasma; they also serve as carrier proteins, transporting various hormones and fatty acids (Tortora & Derrickson, 2011). Globulin is another plasma protein whose role is to transport ions, thyroid and steroid hormones, and lipids; they also contain our antibodies that help our immune system (Martini, Nath, & Bartholomew, 2011). Fibrinogin is an essential plasma protein for blood clotting in case of injury. Other essential plasma proteins are peptide proteins such as insulin, glycoproteins, and prolactin,...

Electrolytes such as sodium, potassium, bicarbonate, and calcium are important solutes for proper cell activity. Organic nutrients like amino acids, lipids, and carbohydrates, that comprise plasma, are used for cell metabolism and growth (Martini, Nath, & Bartholomew, 2011). Organic wastes also make up plasma -- uric acid, urea, and bilirubin all get transported to their site of excretion (Tortora & Derrickson, 2011). Water makes up the large majority of plasma, about 90% (Martini, Nath, & Bartholomew, 2011).
Red blood cells make up about 99% of the formed elements in whole blood. Because of their unique and specialized structure, they are essential for the transportation of oxygen and carbon dioxide to and from the different body systems (Martini, Nath, & Bartholomew, 2011). Red blood cells are…